10 焊接 Welding
10.1 焊接種類(lèi) Varieties of Welding
電弧焊 arc welding 電熔焊 electric fusion welding (EFW)
氣熔焊 fusion gas welding (FGW) 電阻焊 electric resistance welding (ERW)
有保護(hù)的金屬電弧焊 shielded metal arc welding (SMAW)
手工或自動(dòng)隋性氣體保護(hù)鎢極電弧焊manual and automatic inert gas tungsten arc welding (GTAW) 自動(dòng)埋弧焊 automatic submerged arc welding
金屬極隋性氣體保護(hù)電弧焊gas metal arc weiding (GMAW) 氬弧焊 argon-arc welding
氣體保護(hù)電弧焊 gas-shielded arc welding 氣焊 gas welding; flame welding
等離子焊 plasma welding 硬釬焊 braze welding
電渣焊 electroslag welding 爆炸焊 explosive welding
10.2 焊接形式 Type of Welding
角焊 fillet welding 間斷焊 intermittent welding
點(diǎn)焊 spot welding 對(duì)焊 butt welding
搭焊 lap welding 塞焊 plug welding
珠焊 bead welding 槽焊 slot welding
堆焊 build up welding 墊板焊 backing weld
坡口 groove V形坡口 V groove
單面U形坡口 single U groove K形坡口 double bevel groove
X形坡口 double V groove 雙面U形坡口 double U groove
U-V組合坡口 combination U and V groove 根部間隙 root gap
焊接符號(hào) symbol of weld 錯(cuò)邊量 alignment tolerance
10.3 焊接位置 Welding Position
仰焊 overhead welding 現(xiàn)場(chǎng)焊 field weld (F.W.)
封底焊 back run welding 立焊 vertical welding
平焊 flat welding 工廠（車(chē)間）焊接 shop weld
定位焊 tack weld 跳焊 skip welding
節(jié)距 pitch
10.4 焊接缺陷 Defects of Welding
焊接裂紋 weld crack 根部裂紋 root crack
微裂紋 micro crack 錯(cuò)位 mismatch
弧坑 pit; crater 焊穿 burn through
夾渣 slag inclusion 咬邊；咬肉 undercut
焊瘤 overlap 氣孔 porosity, blow hole
砂眼 blister 針孔 pin hole
嚴(yán)重飛濺 excessive spatter 未溶合 incomplete fusion; lack of fusion
根部未焊透 incomplete penetration
10.5 其它
母材；基層金屬 base metal 預(yù)熱 preheating
熱影響區(qū) heat affected zone (HAZ) 焊條 welding electrode (rod)
焊絲 welding wire 焊藥（劑） flux

11 熱處理 Heat Treatment
11.1 普通熱處理 Conventional Heat Treatment
退火 annealing 局部退火 spot annealing
中間退火 process annealing 球化退火 spheroids annealing
等溫退火 isothermal annealing 極軟退火 dead-soft annealing
回水 tempering 正火 normalizing
淬火 quenching 水淬火 water quenching
油淬火 oil quenching 等溫淬火 isothermal quenching
斷續(xù)淬火 slack quenching 高溫淬火 hot quenching
水冷淬火 cold quenching 調(diào)質(zhì) quenching and tempering
消除應(yīng)力 stress relief 時(shí)效處理 ageing treatment
可淬性 hardenability 過(guò)熱敏感性 superheated susceptivity
回火脆性 temper brittleness
11.2 表面熱處理 Surface Heat Treatment
火焰表面淬火 flame surface quenching 感應(yīng)（高頻）硬化 induction hardening
滲碳 carbonization 滲氮 nitridation
滲鉻 chromizing 滲鋁 aluminizing

12 檢驗(yàn)及試驗(yàn)
12.1 檢驗(yàn) Inspection
焊接檢驗(yàn) welding inspection 無(wú)損檢驗(yàn) non-destructive testing (NDT)
肉眼檢驗(yàn)；外觀檢驗(yàn) visual inspection 著色滲透檢驗(yàn) dye penetrant inspection
液體滲透檢驗(yàn) liquid penetrant test (PT) X射線照相 X-ray radiography
γ射線照相 gamma radiography 射線檢驗(yàn) radiographic test (RT)
渦流探傷 eddy current test (ET) 超聲波探傷 ultrasonic test (UT)
磁粉探傷magnetic particle test (MT) 熒光滲透檢驗(yàn)fluorescent penetrant inspection
12.2 試驗(yàn) Test
壓力試驗(yàn) pressure test 水壓試驗(yàn) hydraulic test
氣壓試驗(yàn) pneumatic test 氣密試驗(yàn) air tightness test
泄漏試驗(yàn) leak test 鹵氣泄漏試驗(yàn) halogen gas leak test
盛水試驗(yàn) full water test 真空試驗(yàn) vacuum test
拉伸試驗(yàn) tension test 彎曲試驗(yàn) bending test
沖擊試驗(yàn) impact test 硬度試驗(yàn) hardness test
疲勞試驗(yàn) fatigue test 壓扁試驗(yàn) flattening test
擴(kuò)口試驗(yàn) flaring test 金相試驗(yàn) microscopic test
腐蝕試驗(yàn) corrosion test 焊接工藝評(píng)定試驗(yàn) welding procedure qualification test

13 設(shè)計(jì)階段及管理
分析設(shè)計(jì)階段 analytical engineering phase 初步階段 preliminary stage
規(guī)劃布置階段 planning stage (phase) 成品設(shè)計(jì)階段 production design phase
詳細(xì)設(shè)計(jì) detail design 基礎(chǔ)設(shè)計(jì) basic design
工作程序 working procedure 界區(qū)條件 battery limit condition
開(kāi)工會(huì)議 kick-off meeting; launching meeting 項(xiàng)目審核會(huì) proiect review meeting
項(xiàng)目進(jìn)展情況報(bào)告 proiect status report (PSR)
廠商協(xié)調(diào)會(huì) vendor coordinative meeting (VCM)
用戶(hù)變更通知client change notice(CCN) 先期確認(rèn)advanced certified final (ACF)
最終確認(rèn) certified final (CF) 設(shè)計(jì)基礎(chǔ)數(shù)據(jù) basic engineering design data
數(shù)據(jù)表 data sheet 設(shè)計(jì)文件 design document
設(shè)計(jì)注釋 design note 工程規(guī)定 engineering specification
設(shè)計(jì)規(guī)定匯總表 design specification summary sheet (DSSS)
資料；文件 documentation 附件 appendix
技術(shù)說(shuō)明 technical specification 索引；目錄 index
工程手冊(cè)；設(shè)計(jì)手冊(cè) engineering manual 計(jì)算書(shū) calculation sheet
批準(zhǔn)用于規(guī)劃布置approved for planning (AFP)批準(zhǔn)用于設(shè)計(jì)approved for design (AFD)
批準(zhǔn)用于施工 approved for construction (AFC)詳細(xì)設(shè)計(jì)版 detail design issue (DDI)
參考、基準(zhǔn) reference 標(biāo)準(zhǔn) standard (STD)
標(biāo)準(zhǔn)圖 standard drawing 圖 figure; drawing
草圖 sketch 參考圖 reference drawing
工程圖 engineering drawing 竣工圖 as built drawing
說(shuō)明 description 待定 hold
版次 issue 修改 revision (REV)
審核提綱 check list 審定 approval
校核 check 制圖 drawn
標(biāo)題欄 title block 項(xiàng)目號(hào) job No.
圖號(hào) drawing number (DWG No.) 會(huì)簽 inter department check
工時(shí) man-hour (M/H) 工日 man-day (M/D)
人月 man-month (M/M) 項(xiàng)目 project
項(xiàng)目經(jīng)理 project manager 設(shè)計(jì)經(jīng)理 design manager
狀態(tài)報(bào)告 status report 安裝 erection; installation
建設(shè) construction 試車(chē) commissioning; running-in
開(kāi)車(chē) start-up 運(yùn)行中 on stream
停車(chē) shut-down 大修 over haul
模型 model 部門(mén) department
專(zhuān)業(yè)；學(xué)科 discipline

14 詢(xún)價(jià)、報(bào)價(jià)及采購(gòu)
14.1 詢(xún)價(jià)、報(bào)價(jià)
詢(xún)價(jià) inquiry 管道詢(xún)價(jià)單 piping requisition sheet
廠商報(bào)價(jià) vendor quotation 報(bào)價(jià)書(shū) quotation
報(bào)價(jià) quoted price 估價(jià) estimated price
估算 estimate 投標(biāo) bid; tender
評(píng)標(biāo) evaluation
14.2 采購(gòu) Procurement; Purchase
采購(gòu)說(shuō)明 purchase specification 訂貨單；訂購(gòu)單 purchasing order
采購(gòu)說(shuō)明匯總表 purchasing specification summary sheet (PSSS)
請(qǐng)購(gòu) requisitioning 交貨單 delivery order (D/O)
裝箱單 packing list 預(yù)制的 prefabricated
備品備件 spare parts 供應(yīng)者 supplier
制造者；制造廠 manufacturer; vendor 顧客 client; customer
承包商 contraction 分包商 subcontractor
業(yè)主 owner 用戶(hù) user
包裝 packing。 防銹包裝 rust-proof packing
防潮濕包裝 moisture-proof packing 防水包裝 water-proof packing
板條箱 crate 木箱 wooden box
超尺寸運(yùn)輸 over-dimension cargo (ODC) 催貨 expediting
檢驗(yàn) inspection 運(yùn)輸 transportation
船上交貨， 離岸價(jià)格free on board (FOB) 敞車(chē)上交貨 free on truck
碼頭交貨 ex wharf; expier

15單位 Unit
單位制 system of units 米 meter (m)
毫米 millimeter (mm) 英尺 foot (ft)
英寸 inch (in) 弧度 radian (rad)
度 degree (°) 攝氏 Celsius (C)
華氏 Fahrenheit (F) 磅／平方英寸 pounds per square inch (psi)
百萬(wàn)帕斯卡 million pascal (MPa) 巴 bar
千克（公斤） kilogram (kg) 克 gram (g)
牛頓 newton (N) 噸 ton (t)
千磅 kilopound (kip) 平方米 square meter (m 2)
方毫米 square millimeter (mm2 ) 立方米 cubic meter (m3 )
升 liter; litre (L) 轉(zhuǎn)／分 revolutions per minute (rpm)
百萬(wàn)分之一 parts per million (ppm) 焦（耳） Joule (J)
千瓦 kilowatt (kW) 伏（特） volt (V)
安（培） ampere (A) 歐（姆） ohm (Ω)
（小）時(shí) hour (h) 分 minute (min)
秒 second (s)